Military Education Benefits
"Support our troops," should amount to more than just a slogan. Given the monumental sacrifices veterans make on our behalf, we owe our servicemembers real thanks and substantive recognition. Recently, Congress made strides towards tangible troop support, with a piece of legislation that amped up military members' educational benefits.
The Post 9/11 G.I. Bill, sponsored by Virginia Senator Jim Webb, is now effective. For some servicemembers, this coverage will amount to a full college scholarship! And, to help offset discrepancies for veterans who didn't serve after 9/11, or for those who prefer the terms of the preexisting program, Montgomery G.I. Bill benefits have been raised by 20 percent.
- 1Benefits by Military Branch
Air Force
The Air Force offers several programs to support the educational goals of its members, including up to 100% Tuition Assistance for college courses taken during off-duty hours.
The Air Force will pay 100 percent of tuition costs to receive a degree provided you have not received 100 percent Tuition Assistance previously to achieve the same level of degree.
You must apply for Tuition Assistance online using the Air Force Web site's Virtual Education Center.
Army
Army Tuition Assistance (TA) provides financial assistance for voluntary off-duty education programs in support of a soldier's professional and personal self-development goals. There are some restrictions to who may use Army Tuition Assistance and what courses it can be used for. Download AR 621-5 (Army Continuing Education System Regulations) to get further details.
As of 2010, you must register on the GoArmyEd Web site in order to obtain Tuition Assistance for classes. Register for a login/password as soon as possible, even if you're not planning on taking classes yet.
Coast Guard
The U.S. Coast Guard offers a Tuition Assistance program to help pay for education at nationally or regionally accredited schools.
To apply for Coast Guard Tuition Assistance, fill out the application form and bring it to your ESO, who will verify your information and submit the form to CG Institute. If two weeks have passed since your ESO submitted your information to CG Institute, you should contact your unit ESO.
Note: You can't use Coast Guard TA for Continuing Education Units (CEUs), Professional Development Units (PDUs), or for "licenses," "certifications," or "preparatory courses."
Marines
If you're planning to use Marines Tuition Assistance for the first time, you must complete a TA Orientation Class, which you can access here. Further, officers using TA agree to remain on Active Duty for two (2) years following the completion of the TA funded course.
Tuition for all authorized courses will be funded at time of registration regardless of the length of the course. Service members are responsible for the portion of tuition and other costs not funded by TA. The installation education services officer has the right to limit your course load. Tuition for study leading to a valid high school credential or diploma will be fully funded (100 percent) up to a maximum of $4,500 per individual per fiscal year.
Navy
The Navy's Tuition Assistance program helps Active Duty personnel pay for tuition costs for courses taken in an off-duty status at a regionally, nationally or professionally accredited institution.
Navy TA pays for both classroom and independent study/distance learning courses, regardless of course length. Courses must be offered in Semester Hours, Quarter Hours, Clock Hours or Continuing Education Units (CEUs). The credit earned must show on the institution's transcript.
In addition, Navy TA pays tuition and fees up-front charged by educational institutions for course enrollments and 100 percent of tuition costs for courses taken to complete a high school diploma or GED. For other education levels — like bachelor's degrees and master's degrees — there are limits. Learn about those below.
Specific Benefits
As a member of the Armed Forces, you have several options to choose from when it comes to education benefits. And with so much funding available, you'll definitely want to take advantage of the programs being offered. Unfortunately, all that fine print can get confusing. To help you sort through the clutter, we've created the following summary. Each section defines a military education benefit in plain terms and clear language.
- 2Accelerated Payment Program (APP)
What Is It?
The Accelerated Payment Program is an offshoot of regular Montgomery G.I. Bill benefits. For those who qualify, this benefit program provides a large, lump sum instead of smaller, monthly installments. The APP is designed for servicemembers who decide to enroll in expensive, high tech courses. It can fund 60% of a high-cost tuition on a per-semester basis. In other words, instead of receiving small benefits over a 36 month period, servicemembers receive a few large allowances.
Who Qualifies?
Active duty or reservist servicemembers must be eligible for the Montgomery G.I. Bill or REAP in order to qualify for this program.
Also, in terms of program types, applicants must be seeking a degree or a certificate in a scientific or engineering field. Some examples of APP approved fields are biology, chemistry, physics, engineering, mathematics, and computer science.
Finally, applicants must intend to pursue careers in a related, technical field. The ARFP offers the following list of acceptable career paths: Biotechnology, Life Science Technologies, Opto-Electronics, Computers and telecommunications, Electronics, Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, Material Design, Aerospace, Weapons, Nuclear Technology.
Where Can You Use It?
APP can only be used towards high cost educational programs. How high is "high cost"? Approved APP programs must cost more than double a serviceman's regular Montgomery G.I. Bill pay out. Here's an example to better illustrate the point:
If Jim's full-time Montgomery G.I. Bill rate is $750 per month, and he's enrolled in a 4 month semester, then his regular MGIB pay out would be $3000. In order to qualify for the APP, Jim's selected program would have to cost more than $6000 per semester (more than double his regular allowance).
Bonus Information
While you don't have to prove that you eventually do get a job in one of the required fields, you do have to maintain acceptable grades (usually C's or better). If you fail, and can't count a class towards your degree or certificate, you'll probably have to repay the APP funds.
- 3Air National Guard Tuition Assistance
What Is It?
Air National Guard Tuition Assistance benefits help ANG members pursue their educational goals. Each state has its own policies and terms of coverage. Most states stipulate that tuition assistance is only valid at state-funded institutions, meaning the benefits won't be approved for colleges and universities in other states. Some states limit tuition assistance benefits to certain types of programs or to undergraduate degrees only.
Who Qualifies?
Although federal tuition assistance requires Air National Guard members to enlist for 6 years, states have their own tuition assistance programs — often with less stringent guidelines. ANG TA in your state may cover 100% of your tuition. Because each state policy is different, the criteria for qualifying are all different too. To find out if you qualify in your state, visit the Air National Guard Web site.
- 4Army National Guard Federal Tuition Assistance (ARNG FTA)
Formerly Known as the ACES Program
What Is It?
Federal Tuition Assistance is an education benefit created specifically for Army National Guard members. For part-time soldiers, ARNG FTA works just like regular TA. However, unlike regular Tuition Assistance, ARNG FTA is not guaranteed. Each year, the National Guard Bureau distributes a certain amount of funds to each state. State divisions of the ARNG then award FTA on a first come, first served basis.
Who Qualifies?
Any ARNG soldier can qualify for the FTA benefit, as long as he or she is actively drilling with his or her unit. Soldiers are eligible as soon as they join the ARNG, and that includes students who are still in high school or waiting to start basic training. To stay eligible, enlisted members have to remain in the ARNG for the duration of their course work. Afterwards, some officers may be required to serve another four years. If you are receiving an ROTC scholarship, you aren't eligible for FTA.
Where Can You Use It?
ARNG FTA can be used towards any class or any program that is offered by an accredited school. "Accredited" means that a school meets quality standards set by a national or regional accrediting agency. Not sure if the school you want to go to is accredited? The Council for Higher Education Accreditation lists nearly 8,000 schools on its Web site. All are accredited by U.S.-based agencies that are CHEA approved and/or recognized by the U.S. Department of Education.
Accredited school options can include: online colleges, private colleges, public colleges, or trade schools.
When Can You Use It?
After joining the ARNG, you can use FTA at any time — provided that you get your classes approved first. To do that, you must submit an online application. The Education Services Office will send a confirmation e-mail to your AKO account to confirm that they've received your request. You'll get another e-mail once the processing is complete.
You can also submit your application offline by completing a DA Form 2171-E and Statement of Understanding (SOU).
How Much Does It Cover?
Federal Tuition Assistance funds for the ARNG are comparable to regular Tuition Assistance funds. In most cases, 100% of a soldier's tuition is covered, up to $250 per credit hour. A credit hour is a unit of measurement that indicates how many college credits each course is worth, with most courses being 3 credit hours. So the maximum amount covered would usually be $750 per course. But bear in mind that the dollar amounts may be different in your state.
The government also limits the amount of FTA funds available per year. FTA typically can't exceed $4500 for any given school year. If the program you're interested in costs more than $4500 per year, you may be able to supplement your FTA with Montgomery G.I. Bill SR benefits.
Bonus Information
While most doctoral programs are not approved for FTA funding, first professional degrees are an exception. FTA can cover programs in Architecture, Certified Public Accounting, Podiatry (D.P.M.), Dentistry (D.D.S. or D.M.D.), Medicine (M.D.), Optometry (O.D.), Osteopathic Medicine (D.O.), Pharmacy (D. Phar.), Law (J.D.), and Theology (M. Div. or M.H.L.).
In order to continue receiving FTA, you're usually required to submit your grades within 30 days of a class completion. You also need to maintain a 2.0 grade point average.
- 5 College Level Examination Program (CLEP)
Also known as Credit-By-Exam Program, this is a provision of the Veterans' Benefits Improvement Act of 2004.
What Is It?
CLEP stands for College Level Examination Program. A CLEP is a one day test that is free to most military personnel, and can be used to replace an entire college class. CLEP Exams are a great way to finish your college program quicker. They can also help you save more of your education benefit money.
While CLEP exams aren't administered by the military, they're important tests to think about before accessing your military benefits. The exams are used by colleges to ensure that you know a certain subject, even if you've never taken a college course in that subject.
Take Spanish, for example. Let's say you learned how to speak Spanish at home, or on your own. And let's say that your degree program requires a foreign language credit. You can take the Spanish Language CLEP exam, and if you pass, your school will give you credit. You'll be able to skip that entire class, which might have cost several hundred dollars and several months of your time.
Who Qualifies?
Thanks to a DoD organization called DANTES (Defense Activity for Non-Traditional Education Support), CLEP exams are free for military personnel — including those on Active Duty and Reserve status. Some civilian employees and military spouses also qualify for free CLEP exams. Veterans are eligible to receive fee reimbursement from the Veterans Administration.
Where Can You Use It?
Nearly 3,000 colleges accept CLEP credits for more than 30 different subjects. The exam itself is offered on many military bases. To locate your nearest test center, contact your Educational Services Officer or Navy College Education Specialist.
Bonus Information
In addition to CLEP, there is a similar program called DSST that allows you to earn even more credit by examination. Altogether these can be a great way not just to save money, but also to shorten your time to a degree considerably.
- 6 Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA)
What Is It?
The FAFSA is an application process, created by the federal government, for all students who are interested in higher education — including both military members and civilians. The application involves a long list of questions about your finances and you family's finances. Your answers help the government to define how much tuition you can fairly be expected to pay.
In most cases, the government determines that you'll need extra help to meet college costs. From this determination, they will offer you a combination of federal grants or loans with low interest rates. Schools and colleges can also access the government's determination. Based on that, they will offer you their own awards and packages.
Keep in mind that you do not have to accept the loans that you are offered. In many cases, your military benefits, combined with grants and/or school scholarships will fully cover your educational plans. You still need to complete the FAFSA, so schools and the government has a baseline measure of your situation.Who Qualifies?
There are a few basic guidelines for FAFSA eligibility:
- You must be a U.S. citizen or eligible non-citizen.
- You must have a valid Social Security number.
- You must be registered with Selective Service if you are a man between the ages of 18 and 25.
- You must have a high school diploma, or a General Education Development (GED) Certificate, or pass an exam approved by the U.S. Department of Education.
- You must not have a drug conviction for an offense that occurred while you were receiving federal student aid (such as grants, loans, or work-study).
When Can You Use It?
You can complete the FAFSA before you've even been accepted to a college program. To begin a program in the fall, experts recommend that you apply for aid promptly after January 1, but NOT before the 1st of the year. (If you apply too early, your application will be discarded and you'll have to reapply.) Applying early helps to ensure that you're considered for as many awards as possible. Some schools allocate their financial aid on a first-come, first-serve basis.
You must reapply for financial aid every academic year. FAFSA will send you an e-mail, reminding you to renew your application data. Renewal applications are usually quicker and easier than the first one.
Bonus Information
Students who are considered "independent" do not need to report their parents' financial information on the FAFSA. And thanks to the Higher Education Reconciliation Act of 2005, any amount of active duty served in the Armed Forces — even a single day! — entitles you to an independent filing status.
Because FAFSA is often a means to get loans, which must be repaid, it can be best not to use this until all of your military-only education benefits have been exhausted.
If you have questions regarding the FAFSA form or application process, call the Federal Student Aid Information Center at 1-800-4-FED-AID (1-800-433-3243).
- 7 Loan Repayment Program (LRP)
What Is It?
The Loan Repayment Program is an incentive designed to increase enlistment of recruits who already have college education. Through this program, the service branch repays the existing student loans of new enlistees.
Who Qualifies?
To qualify, the applicant meet the following criteria:
- Must be non-prior service.
- Must be secondary school graduate.
- Must disenroll from the Montgomery G.I. Bill.
- Must enlist for a three year term in an MOS that offers the LRP.
- Must request a deferment or forbearance on their existing loans from their lender.
When Can You Use It?
On enlistment. For each year of initially contracted active duty service, the military will repay $1500 or one third of an eligible student loan (whichever is greater) up to $65,000. When loans exceed $65,000, only one third of $65,000 will be paid each year for three years. No payments will be made for delinquent charges or interest amounts that have accrued, nor will individuals be reimbursed for payments already made.
For reservists, the program works similarly, but to a maximum of $20,000 rather than $65,000.
- 8 Montgomery G.I. Bill — Active Duty (MGIB-AD)
Also Known as MGIB, MGIB-AD, The G.I. Bill, Chapter 30, ADMGIB
What Is It?
The Montgomery G.I. Bill is a benefit program for active duty personnel or veterans of active duty in the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Air Force, Coast Guard, Public Health Service, and the Selected Reserve Components. Servicemembers establish MGIB eligibility while serving on active duty (not active duty for training).
The Montgomery G.I. Bill is sometimes just called "the G.I. Bill," so be careful not to confuse it with the Post 9/11 G.I. Bill. The MGIB is the old version of the Post 9/11 G.I. Bill. It provides 36 months of educational funding. The money can be used towards a degree, a certificate, various types of career training, and even certain entrance exam fees.
Who Qualifies?
Several conditions determine who can use MGIB benefits.
For active duty servicemembers, the major qualifiers are as follows. First, you have to contribute $100 per month for the first year of your active duty service, totaling $1200. Otherwise, you need to qualify through the VEAP conversion (more on this later). Second, you need to build a service history that's at least two years long. Finally, you need to have a high school diploma or the equivalent, like a GED.
For veterans, the requirements are a bit different. First, you must have been honorably discharged. Second, you must have a high school diploma or equivalent credentials. Finally, you must fall into one of four qualifying categories. The exact details of those, including acceptable dates of service, are outlined on the Veterans Administration Web site.
If you're an officer who was commissioned through a service academy you're not eligible for the MGIB. Likewise, ROTC students who have received more than $3,400 in an academic year cannot receive this benefit.
Where Can You Use It?
MGIB benefits can be used more flexibly than other benefit funds. In most cases, you'll need to attend an accredited college or university. However, MGIB also covers technical and vocational training, certain apprenticeship opportunities, and flight training. Accredited online programs and correspondence courses are also eligible under this bill.
When Can You Use It?
Most servicemembers can enroll in the MGIB program when they enter active duty. Enlisted personnel are enrolled automatically, while officers are not. If you enroll, you must agree to have $100 per month deducted from your salary, for a period of 12 months. You can choose to decline enrollment (and keep your $100 per month) by completing form DD Form 2366.
Once enrolled, you can actually start using MGIB funds after 2 years of service. To apply for funds, you need to complete VA Form 22-1990.
MGIB funds cover 36 months of educational pursuits. The funds can be used while you're on active duty or after you separate from the military. In the second case, you have to use the benefits within 10 years of separation.
Some servicemembers don't recommend using MGIB while on active duty because the funds are dispersed more accurately for veterans. The reason is that veterans get charged according to the military's monthly payment rate, which is increased each year to keep up with rising tuition costs. If the monthly payment rate is about $1300, veterans get charged for 1 month only when they've actually used that much money towards their education. Active duty members, on the other hand, get charged per month even if their tuition is less than the monthly payment rate. So if they take a class that costs $700, they still get charged for an entire month, and essentially lose the other $600.
In addition, the Department of Veterans Affairs is now accepting and processing applications for the Post-9/11 G.I. Bill. You should complete and submit the application form available online and will receive a letter explaining the Veterans Administration's decision regarding your eligibility for the program. If you need help completing your application, contact a veterans' benefits counselor at 1-888-GI-BILL-1 (1-888-442-4551).
Normally, your months of entitlement under the Post-9/11 G.I. Bill will be equal to the number of months of entitlement you have remaining under the MGIB-AD. However, if you use all of your MGIB-AD benefits, then you may be entitled to a maximum of 12 additional months of benefits under the Post-9/11 G.I. Bill.
The application form requires that individuals currently eligible for benefits under the Montgomery G.I. Bill (Active Duty or Selected Reserve) or the Reserve Educational Assistance Program (REAP) make an irrevocable election from their existing program to the Post-9/11 G.I. Bill.
How Much Does It Cover?
For a detailed chart of MGIB benefits, according to the amount of time you served and when you served, visit this Veterans Administration page.
- 9Montgomery G.I. Bill Buy-Up
Also Known as the Plus-Up Contribution and MGIB Additional Opportunity
What Is It?
Under the terms of the Montgomery G.I. Bill servicemembers are required to contribute $100 per month for a period of one year, meaning a total contribution of $1200. The MGIB Buy-Up Program is a voluntary upgrade. It gives servicemembers the opportunity to contribute more money to their regular benefit funds. In return, they receive exponentially more aid.
Currently, servicemembers can contribute $20 Buy Up payments, each month, for as many as 30 months, for a total of $600. Each extra payment gets multiplied by nine, and then divided over the course of the 36 month benefit period.
Sound confusing? Look at it this way: If you contribute $20 per month, for 30 months, you will have contributed the maximum Buy Up of $600. The government multiplies your $600 by 9, which equals $5400. Now divide that $5400 by 36, which is the number of months you can receive MGIB benefits. The result is $150. So, if you pursue a full-time educational program, you will receive an additional $150, for each month of your program. And that's pretty good, if you consider that it only cost you $600.
Who Qualifies?
Any active duty servicemember who qualifies for MGIB can elect to participate in the Buy Up program. If you are a Guard or Reserve member, you must specifically be a member of a Ready Reserve component (Selected Reserve, Individual Ready Reserve, or Inactive National Guard) to pay into the Buy Up program.
When Can You Use It?
Your MGIB Buy Up funds will remain accessible for as long as your regular MGIB funds are accessible. However, all of your Buy Up contributions must be made while you're on active duty. That means you can't contribute $600 after separating, and expect to recoup the $5400 pay out.
Bonus Information
Other servicemembers and veterans are quick to offer the following advice: make sure you save your records! It's in your best interest to keep copies of your DD 2366-1 form and your Cash Collection Voucher. When you're ready to access your benefits, you'll want to be sure the Veterans Administration hasn't lost or confused the receipts of your contributions.
- 10 Montgomery G.I. Bill Kicker
Also Known as the MGIB Kicker, G.I. Bill Kicker, MGIB-SR Kicker, Army College Fund, Navy College Fund, and Marine Corps College Fund
What Is It?
The Montgomery G.I. Bill Kicker is an educational benefit that can be added onto your G.I. Bill or G.I. Bill Select Reserve funds. It is not a separate program that can be accessed on its own. To receive Kicker funds, you must first qualify for MGIB or MGIB-SR.
Now here's the confusing part. Some servicemembers use the term "kicker" interchangeably with the term "Buy Up." But they shouldn't, because they're not the same thing! The Buy Up program requires servicemembers to contribute money out of their own salaries. A kicker, on the other hand, is a flat out bonus. Kickers are extra funds given to certain servicemembers based on special qualifications, or extended military contracts.
Each service branch maintains a list of MOSs (enlisted jobs) that are short-staffed. The list often changes, as it's based on the present needs of the Army, Navy, and Marine Corps. Kickers are awarded to those who qualify for these positions and agree to fill them.
Who Qualifies?
As previously noted, any servicemember can qualify, so long as he or she is already eligible for MGIB or MGIB-SR. Beyond that, service branches offer Kickers based on a servicemember's willingness to enlist in a particular career role. These roles may be identified as "critical skill positions" or "critical ratings." Besides willingness, servicemembers usually have to qualify via skills tests and exams — including the ASVAB (Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery) test.
When Can You Use It?
Once you have them, Kicker benefits can be accessed for up to 10 years, alongside your regular MGIB benefits. If you study full-time, Kicker funds can be paid out for up to 36 months.
How Much Does It Cover?
The actual amounts you can receive depend on where you serve, how long you serve, and in what capacity. Current Kicker benefits can equal an additional $350 per month. In some cases, G.I. Bill Kickers can almost double a servicemembers's MGIB benefits.
To learn more about up-to-date amounts or which MOSs make the current list, contact your Education Services Officer.
- 11Montgomery G.I. Bill Top Up
What Is It?
The Top Up program allows servicemembers to combine Tuition Assistance benefits and Montgomery G.I. Bill benefits. It's a great way to pay for your education if you plan to study while serving active duty, and your tuition exceeds $4500 (or the amount of funding you can get through Tuition Assistance alone.)
Who Qualifies?
In order to qualify, you need to meet the requirements of both individual programs, including active duty status and a service history of at least two years.
Bonus Information
You'll want to be careful that you're using Top Up benefits wisely. Although Tuition Assistance benefits expire as soon as you leave active duty, MGIB benefits do not. You don't need to rush and use up both, unless you're sure about the program you're pursuing.
- 12Post 9/11 G.I. Bill
Also known as the 21st Century G.I. Bill, The New G.I. Bill, Chapter 33
What Is It?
The Post 9/11 G.I. Bill is designed to cover the cost of a full college degree program. And it lets you decide where you want to go to school, as long as it's an accredited school. If you choose a private school, the Post 9/11 G.I. Bill may not pay for everything. So cost is an important thing to consider.
Here's how it works: Post 9/11 G.I. Bill benefits can be as high as the most expensive public college in your state of residence. (Let's call this number MEPT, to stand for "most expensive public tuition.") That means that if you choose an expensive private school, you'll only be covered up to the amount you would have paid at the most expensive public college, and you'll have to pay the rest out of your own pocket.
On the other hand, not every student plans to earn a four year degree. And not every student wants to attend the most expensive public college in his or her state. Many servicemembers choose to study through vocational training or certificate programs. Many also prefer the convenience of local community colleges. These options may be less expensive, and won't use up the full, Post 9/11 G.I. Bill allowance. Still, you shouldn't base your school decision solely on a bargain hunt. No matter how inexpensive the program, you won't get to keep the money that you don't use.
Who Qualifies?
The Post 9/11 G.I. Bill offers education benefits for servicemembers who served after the 9/11 attacks. If you served 90 days of active duty after September 11, 2001, you qualify for some portion of the Post 9/11 G.I. Bill. Exactly how much you can receive depends on a few variables.
If you were discharged because of a service-related injury, or if you've completed 3 years of active duty, then you qualify for the full benefits. Otherwise, you qualify for a certain percentage of those benefits. There's an index (outlined below) that shows how much you can receive, according to how many months, post 9/11, you served.
If you've served for ten years, you may be able to transfer your benefits to your spouse or your child. Servicemembers who are thinking about benefit transfer should definitely follow up with the Department of Veterans Affairs, or speak with their Education Service Officers.
Besides free money for tuition, the following extras are included in Post 9/11 G.I. Bill benefits:
- Monthly Housing Stipend. Servicemembers who are enrolled at least part time qualify for a housing stipend. The average amount provided is about $1200 per month, but this varies according to your zip code, and the local cost of living. If you're taking classes while on active duty, and you already receive assigned military housing, you won't receive this stipend. Also, servicemembers who choose to take online classes will not qualify for the stipend.
- Books and Supplies. You can receive up to $1000 for books, supplies, and other academic equipment. Actual amounts may vary, depending on your specific program.
- Tutoring. If you need extra help with your course work, you can receive as much as $100 per month for outside tutoring. You should use this extra allowance only when you need to, since your tutoring entitlement is limited to $1200.
- Professional Licensure Tests. Some jobs require a license or a professional certificate in addition to (or instead of) a degree. In order to obtain a license, students usually have to complete an exam. The exam may be sponsored by your state or by a professional organization. Either way, it usually costs money. In many cases, the Post 9/11 G.I. Bill will cover these fees.
Where Can You Use It?
The Post 9/11 G.I. Bill pays for programs at accredited colleges and universities only. These may include degree, certificate or training programs. "Accredited" means that a school meets quality standards set by a national or regional accrediting agency. Not sure if the school you want to go to is accredited? The Council for Higher Education Accreditation lists nearly 8,000 schools on its Web site. All are accredited by U.S. agencies that are CHEA approved and/or recognized by the U.S. Department of Education.
Montgomery G.I. Bill benefits cover some programs that aren't offered at colleges or universities — like flight training, for example. If you were already eligible for one of those programs, and you're switching over to Post 9/11 G.I. Bill benefits, you can keep your coverage, even under the new plan.
When Can You Use It?
The Post 9/11 G.I. Bill went into effect August 1, 2009. But if you're not ready for school yet, you can use benefit funds for up to 15 years after you leave the military. In special cases, this timeframe may be shortened or lengthened. Talk to your Education Services Officer or contact a Veterans Administration counselor if you believe you have unique circumstances.
How Much Does It Cover?
As we mentioned above, any 90 days served after 9/11 qualify you for some portion of the New G.I. Bill benefit. The following index shows the allowance you can receive, based on the amount of time you served.
- 100% – 36 or more total months
- 100% – 30 or more consecutive days followed by a Disability Discharge.
- 90% – 30 total months
- 80% – 24 total months
- 70% – 18 total months
- 60% – 12 total months
- 50% – 6 total months
- 40% – 90 or more days
Bonus Information
Some schools are welcoming veterans and servicemembers by participating in the Yellow Ribbon Program. This program is for schools whose tuition exceed the most expensive public tuition. Participating schools offer to accept the most expensive public tuition amount, and to waive the additional cost of their regular tuition. That means that servicemembers may be able to attend higher priced schools without paying extra money out of pocket. The Veterans Administration Web site hosts a list of participating schools.
- 13Reserve Education Assistance Program (REAP)
Also Known as the Mobilization G.I. Bill or Chapter 1607
What Is It?
Reserve Education Assistance Program is a new program that was developed for Reserve and Guard members who served in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom and/or Operation Enduring Freedom. Going forward, it will apply to Reserve component members who are activated under similar "contingency operations." (The Department of Defense determines which operations qualify.)
REAP offers 36 months of education benefits to members of the Selected Reserves, the Individual Ready Reserve (IRR), and the National Guard.
Who Qualifies?
To be eligible, you must have been called or ordered to active service in response to a war or national emergency, as declared by the President or Congress. You must have served on active duty for at least 90 days, after September 11, 2001.
When Can You Use It?
REAP benefits are available immediately upon meeting the above conditions. In other words, you've earned them as soon as you hit the 90 day mark. However, the benefits must be used before you leave the Selected Reserves. To get started, you'll need to complete VA Form 22-1990.
The application form requires that individuals currently eligible for benefits under the Montgomery G.I. Bill (Active Duty or Selected Reserve) or the Reserve Educational Assistance Program (REAP) make an irrevocable election from their existing program to the Post 9/11 G.I. Bill.
How Much Does It Cover?
Similar to the Post 9/11 G.I. Bill, REAP benefits are offered on a sliding scale basis. The amount you can receive is a percentage of regular MGIB-AD benefits. Your percentage depends on how much continuous active duty service you've completed. Here's how the percentages break down:
- You've served 90 days but less than 1 year: 40% of the MGIB-AD 3 year rate
- You've served 1 year but less than 2 years: 60% of the MGIB-AD 3 year rate
- You've served 2 or more continuous years: 80% of the MGIB-AD 3 year rate
The Veterans Administration has a current chart of MGIB-AD rates.
Bonus Information
The Veterans Administration may adjust REAP rates according to the type of program you're completing, and the time commitment you invest as a student. In other words, benefits may be lower for part-time students, or students pursuing short term training and certificates.
- 14Spouse Tuition Assistance Program (STAP)
Also Known as Spouse TA or the Spouse Tuition Aid Program
What Is It?
The Spouse Tuition Assistance Program is an educational benefit created for the spouses of servicemembers who are stationed overseas. STAP provides need-based grants that can pay up to 50% of a spouse's tuition — depending on program costs and service department limits.
Historically, STAP funds have been offered through the Navy and Marine Corps Relief Society (NMCRS) and the Air Force Aid Society (AFAS). Recently, the NMCRS program shifted from a grant opportunity to a loan opportunity. STAP funds awarded through the NMCRS now have to be repaid. NMCRS offers the following summary regarding this change.
In 2009 the Spouse Tuition Aid Program (STAP) was modified this year to be a need-based no interest loan, available to spouses residing with their active duty servicemember sponsor, while stationed outside the 50 United States. STAP no interest loans are available for part-time and full-time undergraduate and graduate studies.
The revised offers significantly expanded eligibility with loans of up to $3,000 per twelve month period. These modifications increase the number of qualified spouses and offer an excellent opportunity to complete an undergraduate or graduate degree when stationed overseas. To learn more about this program, please contact your local NMCRS office.
Who Qualifies?
STAP is available to spouses of active duty airmen and Air Force officers who are stationed overseas. The program also exists within the Navy and the Marines, through an organization called the Navy and Marine Corps Relief Society (NMCRS). Specific qualifications vary by branch, so interested applicants should check with their specific service branch.
Where Can You Use It?
STAP students must be enrolled in an accredited program that results in a certificate or a degree. In many cases, the AFAS and the NMCRS limit school selection to local institutions, or schools with which they have an existing agreement. Servicemembers should investigate their specific base policies.
Bonus Information
In addition to STAP, your state department of Veterans Affairs may offer alternative benefits and other special programs.
- 15Tuition Assistance (Also Known as TA or Active Duty TA)
What Is It?
Tuition Assistance is another educational benefit offered to servicemembers. It's one of the major reasons many new recruits join the Armed Forces. As noted above, the specific rules and requirements are different according to each service branch. But basically, TA is designed to support your educational goals — whether you plan to advance within the military or go on to pursue a civilian career.
TA can be used towards a degree or a certificate, but not for educational plans beyond a master's degree. Some professional degrees are considered exceptions to this rule — like a D.D.S. in Dentistry, for example. Servicemembers usually need to declare a specific educational goal before any funds are dispersed. Also, individual courses must be approved before any enrollment takes place.
Who Qualifies?
Active Duty Army, Navy, Marine, Air Force and Coast Guard members are eligible for the benefit of Tuition Assistance. If activated, Reserve Component servicemembers and Guard Reserve members also qualify for Active Duty TA through the regular branch programs. Otherwise, TA benefits for National Guard and Reserve members are dispersed through separate programs (refer to the sections below). Marines must be Active Duty Marines (or Selected Marine Corps Reserve members on continuous active duty) in order to qualify for this benefit.
For more detailed information on how TA breaks down by branch, please follow these links:
Where Can You Use It?
TA benefits can only be used at accredited colleges and universities. "Accredited" means that a school meets quality standards set by a national or regional accrediting agency. Not sure if the school you want to go to is accredited? The Council for Higher Education Accreditation lists nearly 8,000 schools on its Web site. All are accredited by U.S. agencies that are CHEA approved and/or recognized by the U.S. Department of Education.
Accredited school options can include: online colleges, private colleges, public colleges, or trade schools.
When Can You Use It?
TA benefits are only available while you are serving. You cannot access TA once you are separated or discharged. To get started, you'll need to submit an official application. Some branches have an online application, while others still require a physical form. Before you even begin the application process, you should speak to your Education Service Officer, and make sure you're on track. Remember: courses need to be approved before you enroll.
Another timing factor to consider is ADSO, or Active Duty Service Obligation. When you accept TA, you may be held to an ADSO agreement of several additional years. Commissioned Army officers and commissioned warrant officers, for example, incur a two year obligation that begins after the completion of their last TA-funded course. If you're discharged before you finish an ADSO, you may be required to pay back the TA funds you borrowed.
How Much Does It Cover?
TA funds are limited to a certain amount per credit hour, usually $250. A credit hour is a unit of measurement that indicates how many college credits each course is worth. Since most courses consist of three credit hours, the maximum amount covered would usually be $750 per course.
The government also limits the amount of funds available per year. TA typically can't exceed $4500 for any given school year. If the program you're interested in costs more than $4500 per year, you may be able to supplement your TA with Montgomery G.I. Bill benefits.
Bonus Information
Tuition assistance can't be applied to a lateral degree. This means, if you already have a bachelor's degree in Nursing, you can't use TA money to earn a bachelor's degree in Criminal Justice. Instead, you'd have to pursue a higher degree.
Also, if you withdraw from a class due to personal reasons, or if you fail to successfully complete a class, you'll have to pay back the cost of the class. There are exceptions and more specific guidelines within each military branch, but it's important to be aware of the contract terms before applying for TA funds.
Many schools adjust their rates for active duty servicemembers specifically to match the maximum amount so that students won't have to pay anything out of pocket. Some schools even include books and laptop computers as part of the deal. Be sure to tell any admissions representatives that you are an active duty servicemember.
- 16Veterans Educational Assistance Program (VEAP)
Also Known as Post-Vietnam Veterans' Educational Assistance Program and Chapter 32
What Is It?
Veterans Educational Assistance Program is an educational benefit that matches funds servicemembers contribute from their military salaries. For every $1 you contribute, the government contributes $2. In this way, you can more than double your educational savings. The funds can then be used towards degree programs, certificates, flight training, or on-the-job training (OJT).
Who Qualifies?
The Veterans Administration outlines the following set of VEAP criteria:
- You must have entered service for the first time between January 1977 and June 1985.
- You must have opened a contribution account before April 1987.
- You must have voluntarily contributed an amount between $25 and $2700.
- You must have completed your first period of service.
- You must be on active duty or have a discharge or release that was other than dishonorable.
When Can You Use It?
VEAP benefits can be used for up to 36 months, depending on how much you contributed. You must use VEAP funds within 10 years of leaving active duty. Any funds that haven't been used by that time will be divided. You'll be refunded the amount you contributed, and the government will recoup the amount it matched.
